Radar Detectors

If, like us, you have been a car enthusiast for any significant amount of time, you are sure to remember the magazine ads for the windshield-mount Escort radar detectors in the 1980s. They were, relatively speaking, gigantic. The front panel had a large analog signal strength meter and that ubiquitous orange incandescent warning light bulb on the right side. There were only two adjustments: a volume control and a city vs. highway selection switch. They must have done their job, though – after all, Car and Driver, Autoweek, and several adult magazines all gave them glowing reviews! How’s that for marketing to a specific gender?

The radar detector industry in North America is massive. Countless radar detectors are purchased each year, and millions of dollars in potential speeding tickets are averted. The radar detector industry has come a long way and will continue to evolve. This article provides a brief overview of where the industry has come from and where it is going.

Police Radar Gun History

According to our research, the first radar-based automobile speed measurement systems were put into use in the late ’40s. These massive systems used vacuum tubes and strip charts to log information.

It was the Connecticut State Police that led the charge to adopt radar speed measurement. After testing for a few years, they started issuing speed tickets based on radar measurements in February of 1949. Garden City, New York, was in pace with the Glastonbury police in the quest for more-efficient ways to catch speeders and start issuing tickets as a source of revenue.

Early radar systems operated in the S-band at 2.455 GHz. Unfortunately, these early systems were only accurate to within a few miles per hour and, worse yet, had a range of 150 to 500 feet.

History of Radar Detectors

There are varying claims to the first radar detector. One unit, the Radar Sentry, which was built in Tonawanda, New York, was one of the first commercially available units. The Radar Sentry appeared on the market in 1961 and sold for just under $40. A pair of AA batteries powered it, and the instructions suggested that clipping it to your vehicle’s sun visor worked well as an installation location.

Another early detector, and one that some articles have (perhaps mistakenly) credited as the first, was the Fuzzbuster. Dale Smith, an electronics wizard, decided to design a radar detector after getting a speeding ticket. He felt the ticket was unjust, so he set out to design a device that would detect when the police were using Doppler radar guns to measure vehicle speed. The result was that Smith invented the Fuzzbuster. If you thought two controls on the Escort was fancy, then the Fuzzbuster was the meat and potatoes: A squelch control and a warning light were all you saw. Nothing more. Watch out, Smokey! We can see you!

An Unfair Advantage

As the popularity of radar detectors grew, it is no doubt that police forces across the nation became frustrated that their enforcement tools had become less and less effective. Around the year 2000, two products entered the market to crack down on radar detector use in states and provinces where it was banned: the Spectre and the VG-2 Radar Detector. These products were designed to pick up the leaked radio frequency radiation from radar detectors and alert police. When combined with bans on radar detectors in some states and Canadian provinces, the police had the edge again – for a while.

The logical evolution for manufacturers was to create a new generation of radar detectors that were impervious to detection by the VG-2 or Spectre systems. It wasn’t long before all the name-brand radar detectors became undetectable. The marketing teams had a field day with their new features, and the sales of radar detectors took off again.

Ones and Zeros

At some point, the evolution of radar detectors took a leap into the digital age with the introduction of microcontrollers. These small computers replaced resistors, logic gates, transistors and more to reduce the size of radar detectors. The software running on these miniature computers brought us elaborate displays and a vast increase in system configuration and optimization options.

The real step forward came with the ability to update the software in the radar detector. Combined with performance improvements, software updates could resolve glitches that otherwise required hardware replacement. With updates to our phones and computers seemingly coming out of thin air, credit must be given to the serial ports and USB ports found on recent radar detectors. Yes, updates are a hassle, but without updates, functionality can suffer.

Advanced Signal Processing and Filtering

Another milestone in radar detector performance was the implementation of digital signal processing (DSP). All-digital radar detectors convert the received high-frequency information into the digital domain for analysis and processing. Unlike analog processing, variations in temperate have no effect on DSP technology. Digital processing also offers more precise signal filtering, resulting in fewer false alarms and increased sensitivity. The result of implementing DSP technology was to provide warnings earlier than analog systems, with fewer false alarms.

GPS Locating

The first radar detectors were quite simple. All they had to do was detect the presence of a radar signal. If a signal of any kind were present, the alarm would go off. Door openers at the grocery store and variety store, along with ultrasonic alarms at the local bank, set them off equally successfully. The challenge for radar detector manufacturers became to provide as much warning as possible while reducing the number of false alarms.

Sensitivity adjustments and improved signal filtering helped reduce the false alarms, but the biggest benefit came only recently. Many modern radar detectors, both windshield-mount and custom-installed types, include an on-board computer, GPS receiver and database of known false-alarm locations. As you approach the local bank, the radar detector will ignore the signal from the alarm system or automatic door opener. If you are in a location where a new false alarm pops up, you can add that location to your database.

Internet-connected Technology

With the incredible popularity of smartphones came the opportunity to integrate radar detectors with Internet connectivity. With a cloud-based database, your radar detector system can be updated in real time to the presence of a speed trap or a false alarm. Your phone is paired to the radar detector using a Bluetooth connection, so there is no need for any wires. Once your detector is on and you launch the app, the system will search its database for your location and report any known speed traps, red light cameras or false alarm sources in the area. If another user recently detected a speed trap, the map on your phone will alert you, long before you are in the range of the radar gun. Likewise, if you detect a police officer using a radar gun, anyone else in the area will receive that warning.

False Alarm Prevention

Modern vehicles include a wide variety of onboard warning systems. Adaptive cruise control, lane departure warning, blind spot monitoring and emergency brake assist systems are increasingly common. These safety systems often use radar systems to measure distances or identify the presence of another vehicle or object. These radar systems can cause false alarms on radar detectors.

In the past, radar detectors only looked for the presence of a radar signal within the X, K or Ka bands. They didn’t care what information was within the signal; just that it was present. Now, different automobile radar systems have signatures. Thanks to extremely fast signal analysis, radar detectors can decide if the signal it is detecting is from a Mercedes, an Audi or the coppers!

What Does the Future Hold for Law Enforcement?

Advanced image processing technology may soon eliminate the need for police to send radar or laser signals at all. Modern camera systems could discern your rate of speed simply by analyzing a video stream in real time. Your speed could be calculated based on the rate of change of the size of your vehicle relative to the objects around it.

Many police departments already own and operate remotely controlled drones. Would it be possible to equip a drone with a radar gun or lidar system? Absolutely! Perhaps their onboard camera system could be integrated into the aforementioned video analysis systems?

Companies have talked about technologies that would allow them to detect whether you are sending text messages from your smartphone. While this seemed like a great innovation a few years ago, the proliferation of voice recognition technology and the wide acceptance of Apple CarPlay and Android Auto squashed this need before the technology was perfected.

As more and more cars are connected to the Internet in real time, it could be possible for law enforcement agencies to communicate directly with your vehicle. This opens up a big can of worms regarding personal privacy. There is no doubt that the police will do everything they can find an excuse for to access the information.

Stay in Touch With Technology

Your local mobile electronics specialist retailer spends a great deal of time training on the latest radar detector technologies. When you decide you want protection from police radar guns, drop in and talk to them. They can suggest a solution that will meet your needs and explain how to get the most out of it.

(header image Fuzzbuster II By dave_z28ca (http://flickr.com/photos/21612624@N00/167903357/) [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons)

This article is written and produced by the team at www.BestCarAudio.com. Reproduction or use of any kind is prohibited without the express written permission of 1sixty8 media.

If you are looking for the best defense against police laser and radar guns, speed cameras, and radar-based work zone speed detection systems, then a custom-installed radar detector and laser countermeasure system is the only choice. This article compares the features and performance benefits of a portable radar detection system to one that we integrate into your vehicle.

What is a Radar Detector?

Simply put, a radar detector is a device that includes one or more radio frequency receivers and a computer. The receiver is designed to focus on specific frequencies and report the presence of those signals to the vehicle operator. The goal of the system is to detect radar measurement signals used on vehicles in front of you and provide enough warning so you can slow down to a legal speed and avoid getting a ticket.

Law enforcement agencies in North America use three radar frequencies. X-band operates between 10.5 and 10.55 GHz, K-band operates between 24.05 and 24.25 GHz, and Ka-band operates between 33.4 and 36 GHz.

Why Custom-installed Radar Systems Offer Better Protection

When comparing portable radar detectors to custom-installed systems, the biggest performance benefit comes from the ability to make the radar receiver larger. As with any antenna, more size means more sensitivity. The radar receiver included with a custom-installed detector is typically bigger than an entire portable radar detection device. In AM/FM antennae, a half-wave antenna offers more than twice the sensitivity of a quarter-wave antenna. The benefit to you is that a custom-installed radar detection system can detect weaker signals and provide an earlier warning so you can slow down sooner.

Some systems include separate receivers and amplifiers for the low-frequency X-band and the higher K- and Ka-bands. This configuration allows each antenna to be more sensitive within its specified operating range and requires less signal filtering and amplification.

Many radar systems that integrate with your vehicle include a second high-sensitivity detector for the rear of the car or truck. Many police forces use dash-mounted radar systems that function while the police vehicle is in motion. If an officer is following you, you will want to know if he or she is measuring your vehicle’s speed.

Police Laser and Lidar Systems

Many law enforcement agencies now use laser-based measurement systems. These devices send out a very narrow beam of invisible “light” that pulses in a particular pattern. The laser gun measures how that beam is reflected to calculate the speed of the vehicle it is measuring. The laser works with incredible accuracy. High-quality laser speed detection systems have a beam width of only 30 inches at a range of 1,000 feet and can operate up to 6,000 feet away. They are accurate to within 1 mph and can acquire a reading in as little as 0.33 seconds.

Laser detection systems look for energy between 830 and 945 nanometers and report it to the driver. The problem with laser speed detection is that once the officer has pulled the trigger, he has an accurate reading of your speed. There isn’t any point in slowing down.

Laser Detection versus Laser Defense Systems

A premium portable radar and laser detector that mounts to your windshield can alert you to the use of laser speed measurement. As we mentioned, though, once the officer has a reading, it is too late. Your only hope of avoiding a ticket is to detect beam scatter from another vehicle, then slow down before the police measure your speed.

The number one benefit of a remote mounted detection system is its ability to combat laser or lidar systems. In a laser countermeasure system, there are several compact transceivers mounted near your license plate and headlights – the most frequent target for police radar. When these sensors detect a laser measurement signal, they instantly start to transmit a signal to confuse the radar gun.

The second issue with portable radar and laser detection systems is location. As we mentioned, police target your license plate and headlights because these are reflective, in hopes of getting an accurate reading at long distances. Your portable detector, mounted up high on your windshield, may offer excellent radar detection range, but can miss laser signals altogether due to that height.

Some custom installed radar detectors include laser functionality, and some provide it as an option. Talk to your retailer to ensure you are getting the protection you want.

How to Use a Laser Defense System

If a police officer targets your vehicle with his laser gun and pulls the trigger, he will be expecting a result almost instantly. If your laser defense system prevents him from getting a reading, the officer will quickly realize you are using a countermeasure system. To prevent him from following you for the next 10 miles or until you do something wrong, there is a suggested etiquette to using laser defense.

As soon as your laser detection system alerts you to the use of a radar gun, slow down quickly. Obviously, slamming on the brakes will attract attention. Smooth and steady deceleration is the ideal. As soon as you are at a legal speed, cancel the laser countermeasure system and let the officer take a reading. If that is executed smoothly, the officer will leave you alone and move on to measuring the vehicle behind you.

The only defense against police laser/lidar is a custom-installed laser countermeasure system.

Reduce the Clutter

If you are like us, then you hate clutter in your vehicle. There are some nice mounting brackets for portable radar detections, but they still detract from the appearance of your vehicle. Depending on the brand of custom-installed radar detection systems, there may be a small control panel that we can mold into your dash or center console, or no visible control panel at all. In these “invisible” systems, all of the alerts are handled with audible warnings and a pair of small LEDs. Eliminating connections to your cigarette lighter plug and suction cup marks on your windshield keeps your vehicle looking organized and tidy.

From a safety perspective, having a radar detector on your windshield will block some of your vision. The percentage of windshield area that a portable radar detector takes up is small, but every square inch counts when it comes to safe driving.

Protection against Theft

Dash and windshield mounted radar detectors are prime targets for thieves. The complexity and distributed design of custom-installed radar detectors make them too much hassle to steal. Even if thieves were to break into your vehicle, they would only be able to get a few parts of the system. The result is that there is no resale value, so they leave these systems alone.

Complete Vehicle Integration

Depending on the features and complexity of a remote-mount radar detector system, there could be as few as three components, or more than a dozen modules and sensors. We mount each component in a location that ensures reliable operation and protection against damage. We route the system wiring with factory harnesses and protect it with split loom or cloth tape – whichever best matches the OEM style of your vehicle. We make the electrical connections mechanically and electrically secure so they will function flawlessly for years.

When we install a radar detector and laser defense system in your vehicle, it becomes an integral part of your car or truck. You will never forget to bring it with you. You will never forget to turn it on. It is always ready to protect you.

Visit Your Local Mobile Enhancement Retailer Today

If you are looking for the best defense against police laser/lidar and radar guns, the only choice is a custom-installed radar detector system. Most systems are nearly invisible once installed, and the laser shifter/defuser modules can be integrated into your vehicle cosmetics beautifully. Visit your local mobile enhancement retailer today to discuss the options for your vehicle.

This article is written and produced by the team at www.BestCarAudio.com. Reproduction or use of any kind is prohibited without the express written permission of 1sixty8 media.

Do you like to drive fast? Do you find yourself cruising at speeds above the posted limit? If you are one of these people and the local laws allow it, you may want to consider purchasing a radar detector and laser defuser system. This article looks at the solutions available and the features and benefits of each.

What is Radar Speed Detection?

Law enforcement agencies all over the world use radar to measure the speed of vehicles. Radar stands for Radio Detection And Ranging. Radar detectors work by sending a beam of radio waves at the vehicle or object that is to be measured. These radio waves are sent a specific frequency. When the radio waves hit a moving object, they reflect back at a different frequency. This change in frequency is called a Doppler shift. How much the frequency shifts from the original transmitted one is determined by the speed of the vehicle. A detector in the radar gun picks up the signal reflections from the vehicle and analyzes their frequency content to perform a speed calculation. The radar gun then displays the object’s speed on an attached screen.

Four common radar frequency bands are in use: X, K, Ka and Ku bands. The X-band ranges from 8 to 12 GHz, with 10.5 GHz being the most popular in North America. K-band ranges from 18 to 26.5 GHz, with 24.12 to 24.17 GHz being popular. Ka-band extends from the top of the K band up to 40G Hz. Frequencies from 33.8 to 25.7 GHz are popular. Finally, Ku-band fills in the frequencies between the X and K bands but is primarily used in Europe.

What is Laser Speed Detection?

When the availability of radar detectors became so prevalent, law enforcement agencies were forced to find alternate ways of catching speeders. Developed in 1989 by Laser Technology Inc., laser-based speed detection guns transmit a beam of pulsed light to the vehicle, then calculate how long it takes for the beam to reflect back. Based on the time it takes, the unit can measure the distance to a vehicle almost instantly and with excellent accuracy.

As the distance changes, the laser gun calculates this rate of distance change as the speed of the vehicle. Unlike radar system, the laser beam is very narrow, often spreading over less than 3 feet at a range of 1,000 feet. This range makes laser very accurate. In fact, some of the newest laser speed guns can work at ranges of up to 4,000 feet. The technical name for laser speed detection is Lidar, but most people refer to it is a laser speed measuring device, or more simply, a laser gun – George Lucas would be proud!

Radar Detection Systems

While not allowed in all states and provinces, a radar detection system is designed with a receiver that is tuned to the X, K and Ka bands. When it detects radio frequency energy in these bands, it produces a warning to alert the driver to the possible presence of a radar speed detection system. It is up to the driver to slow down to a legal speed before the officer can get a reading.

There are two popular types of radar detectors: portable windshield mount systems and systems that are installed in a vehicle. The portable units are great for people who travel and may want to use them in their rental cars. These are also a good solution for people with more than one vehicle. Because the system is portable, the radar detection sensor is smaller, and it isn’t as sensitive and doesn’t provide as much warning as an installed system.

Custom-installed radar detection systems typically include dedicated front and rear sensors. These sensors can be mounted behind plastic bumper covers to conceal them without hindering their operation. Many systems are almost invisible in the interior of the vehicle, although clients may opt for a small control panel to speed up changes in settings.

The inclusion of a GPS receiver in some systems allows owners to mark locations where false alarms are prevalent. Radar-controlled door openers and traffic flow detection systems can be a source of interference. Many new cars feature blind-spot monitoring systems and lane departure warning systems that can also cause false alarms.

Combating Laser Speed Detection

Many different systems are available to combat an officer’s attempt to use laser ranging to capture your speed. These systems work by using multiple sensors placed on the front, and often rear, of the vehicle. These sensors detect the pulsed signal from the laser gun, then broadcast a modified and “confused” signal back to the unit. The result is that the laser gun is unable to calculate your vehicle’s speed.

Most retailers and manufacturers will suggest that once your detection system alerts you to the presence of a laser gun, you slow down to a legal speed and let the officer get a speed reading, if for no other reason than to appease their efforts to try to catch you.

When shopping for a laser defuser system, make sure you purchase one that can be upgraded easily. New and improved laser speed detection guns are also being introduced with different technologies to give law enforcement agencies an advantage over speeding drivers. As the companies that manufacture the defusers come up with solutions for each of these new products, Internet-based downloads are made available to update your system.

Installations

A custom-installed radar detection and laser defuser system take some time to complete. Basic systems require several modules to be mounted securely, then all of the wiring must be run neatly and securely through the vehicle back to the main control unit. Complex systems that include GPS, front and rear radar detection, and as many as five laser defusers can take much longer to install. The laser defusers have to be mounted so their transceivers are clearly visible, and they must be horizontal to the ground during operation. Many specialists will create custom brackets to mount these sensors properly while maintaining a clean and tidy overall appearance for the vehicle.

If you are in the market for a radar detector or laser defuser system, contact your local specialist mobile electronics retailer. They would be happy to provide you with all the information you need to make the right purchasing decision, including how much it will cost. As always, we want you to drive your vehicle in a safe and legal manner.

This article is written and produced by the team at www.BestCarAudio.com. Reproduction or use of any kind is prohibited without the express written permission of 1sixty8 media.